based on empirical drivers (e.g., roads, slope, elevation). Projecting future scenarios of landscape change. B. CA-Markov Model
| | Type | Significance | |---|---|---| | Quercus ilex (Holm oak) | Tree | Some specimens are over 800 years old; trunks exceed 6m in circumference. | | Laurus nobilis (Bay laurel) | Shrub | Relict of the Laurisilva forests that covered Europe 20 million years ago. | | Bufo bufo spinosus (Spiny toad) | Amphibian | Endemic subspecies found only in Madonie’s wettest zones. | | Myotis myotis (Greater mouse-eared bat) | Mammal | Roosts in the forest’s ancient cave systems. | idrisi selva