was part of within the Austro-Hungarian Empire . It is now a major city in western Ukraine .
) . Born as around 1874 , she became one of the most famous figures in early secular Yiddish theater . Historical Background Birthplace Context : At the time of her birth,
Pepi (née Perel) Litman was born in the 1870s in what was then the Russian Empire’s most glamorous and lawless port. Odesa was a place where Italian opera houses sat across from Moldovan wine cellars, where Greek smugglers dined next to Hasidic merchants. It was a city of masks. So perhaps it was inevitable that it would produce a woman who made her living by removing one mask and putting on another.
Her ability to switch languages and dialects on stage mirrored the multilingual reality of cities like Kiev, where one might hear Yiddish, Russian, and Ukrainian all in a single market square.